The main aim of objects of small retention is slowing or stopping the outflow of surface water. This is important to increase the possibility of small retention basin in agricultural ecosystems and forestry. In the study was analyzed the importance of small water reservoirs on non-urbanized areas in the context of their role in the development of water resources. In the paper are presented the most often used in small retention programs drainage structures. Also are presented examples of investments by Provincial Boards of Land Reclamation and Water Facilities (water reservoirs Czerwieńsk and Strużyna). Discussing the selected projects was pointed out for the need for proper operation and monitoring of these objects. Only the correct diagnosis of the environmental conditions of designed structures, the correct implementation and operation will allow for safe and consistent with the expectation of functioning of these structures.