PRACA ORYGINALNA
Eco-friendly extraction of acid black 703 dye from aqueous samples using deep eutectic solvent system
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
2
Global Frontier R&D Center for Hybrid Interface Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
4
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Data nadesłania: 07-09-2025
Data ostatniej rewizji: 03-12-2025
Data akceptacji: 08-12-2025
Data publikacji: 25-02-2026
Autor do korespondencji
Muhammad Zahoor
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Acta Sci. Pol. Formatio Circumiectus 2025;24(4):59-68
INFORMACJE KLUCZOWE
- • Acid Brown 703 dye in aqueous samples was extracted successfully
- • Under optimal conditions the method exhibited good linearity
- • Application to real water samples was satisfactory
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Aim of the study:
A green and sustainable analytical method was developed for the extraction and etermination of Acid Black 703 dye in aqueous samples using a natural deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with UV-vis spectrophotometry. The DES, composed of choline chloride and phenol, was employed as an environmentally benign extraction medium, replacing conventional toxic organic solvents.
Material and methods:
Critical experimental parameters, including pH, DES volume, sample-to-extractant ratio, and centrifugation time, were systematically optimized to maximize extraction efficiency.
Results and conclusions:
Under optimal conditions (pH 6, 1 mL DES, 2 min centrifugation), the method exhibited good linearity in the range of 10–60 ppm, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.47 μg/L, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 7.50 μg/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 2.35% to 3.21%, confirming method precision. Application to real water samples demonstrated satisfactory recovery and reproducibility, highlighting the method’s potential for routine monitoring of synthetic dyes in environmental matrices.