The studies were taken due to the recession of montane agriculture. They were aimed at identifying current conditions for conducting of agricultural activity. The forms of land use were analyzed according to the physiographic position of the lands, i.e. at the foot (arable lands), slopes (forest areas), and on tops of mountain areas (grasslands). The chemical analysis of top layer of soil was carried out. The research demonstrated that montane areas, in zone of arable land as well as grassland, lose importance for agricultural production as a result of spontaneous succession of vegetation on abandoned agrocenoses and the degradation of soil environment. It was revealed that majority of soils, even managed, is seriously acidified and poor in contents of calcium and available phosphorus. The problem is also pollution by trace elements. The soils of grassland ecosystems in spite of extensification or cessation of their exploitation are characterized by distinctly better agrochemical properties than forest soils. Thus, it is necessary to prevent them from afforestation and within farmlands a proper fertilizer management is needful.